Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon first arrived in the Tampa Bay area in 1513, but the Spaniards focused their attention on settling eastern Florida and left the western areas alone. In 1824, only two months after the arrival of the first non-native settlers, the U.S. Army established Fort Brooke to protect the strategic harbor at Tampa Bay. Development of the region began after the territory became part of the United States in 1845. Despite the blockade and federal occupation during the Civil War, the area grew steadily. Henry B. Plant's 1884 railroad extension to the Hillsborough River provided access to new areas, and he built lavish hotels along his rail line to attract visitors which led to continued economic growth in Tampa that lasted for the next fifty years.

Tampa owes its commercial success to Tampa Bay and the Hillsborough River. When phosphates were discovered nearby in the late 1880s, the resulting mining and shipping industries prompted a boom of growth and wealth that lasted through the 1890s. Tampa's port is now the seventh largest in the nation.

In 1886 Vicente Martinez Ybor established a cigar factory in Tampa. From the steps of Ybor's factory, Jose Marti, sometimes called the George Washington of Cuba, exhorted the cigar workers to take up arms against Spain in the late 1800's.

The military has also had an ongoing role in Tampa's development. The City was the primary outfitting and embarkation port for U.S. troops bound for Cuba during the Spanish-American War. Today the U.S. Central Command and U.S. Special Operations Command are headquartered at MacDill Air Force Base.

The advent of the automobile was responsible for a large settlement wave that occurred 1923-26. Many subdivisions were built during this era; one of the most notable was Davis Islands, a man-made island created by D. P. Davis. The elegant homes Davis built remain some of Tampa's loveliest.

The main Tampa downtown business district has grown phenomenally since the 1960s. Major banks and an increasing number of other corporations occupy large glass, steel and concrete buildings that tower high above the bay. Tampa continues to attract key industries such as corporate headquarters, bioscience, international trade, technology, financial services, manufacturing, and distribution companies.

Tampa has evolved into a multi-cultural, diverse business center with sustainable communities for its citizens. People of all ages arrive here to escape the worries and winters of wherever they came from, and an increasing number of them stay.

Tampa is the home of numerous annual events and celebrations, and unique cultural events. Providing endless opportunities to live, learn, work, and play, Tampa offers year-round cultural events and social activities for people of all ages and interests - everything from serene strolls along scenic Bayshore Boulevard, to paddle board/kayak nature tours, or the excitement of Ybor City. A variety of entertainment activities may be found in the City and surrounding areas including numerous parks, sunny beaches, restaurants with international cuisine, world-class golf courses, racquetball courts, saltwater fishing, tennis, and shopping. Sports fans can enjoy football and hockey while art lovers can attend music and art festivals.

ZooTampa at Lowry Park is one of the most popular zoos in the southeastern US, with close to 1 million visitors annually. Encompassing 56 acres, ZooTampa cares for a variety of animals with emphasis on endangered, threatened, and vulnerable species from Florida and similar climates/habitats with park areas devoted to Florida, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Other features include aviaries, primate exhibits, the manatee critical care center, a splash pad, rides, shows, hands-on interactive exhibits and animal encounters, and signature seasonal and fundraising events. The Florida Environmental Education Center or "Zoo School" is a hands-on learning facility that offers year-round childcare, preschool, and summer and holiday camp programs. Since 1988, ZooTampa has educated more than 1.8 million school-aged children throughout Tampa Bay, increasing awareness about wildlife and the ways in which students can contribute to their preservation. The Nat Geo WILD series were filmed entirely at the Tampa’s award-winning Zoo and provide behind-the-scenes stories of amazing animals and the dedicated team entrusted with their care. ZooTampa has again received accreditation by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, the gold standard for animal care and welfare which is received by only 10% of the zoos across the United States. The ZooTampa has won numerous awards for its animal conservation and management programs and has been recognized by the State of Florida as a center for Florida wildlife conservation and biodiversity. Additionally, the Zoo has been awarded the USA Today’s 10 Best Readers’ Choice Awards 2023 for Best Zoo and Best Zoo Exhibit and it is an 11-time winner of TripAdvisor Travelers’ Choice Award.

The David A. Straz Jr. Center for the Performing Arts ("Straz Center"), located on the east bank of the Hillsborough River, is one of the largest performing arts institutions in the country and provides an environment for a wide variety of world-class events. With 335,000 square-feet, the Straz Center includes five theaters, a rehearsal hall, coffee shop, three on-site restaurants, and showcases community art projects of local artists as well as artists from around the world and through the ages. It boasts one of the nation's leading Broadway series and is nationally respected for producing grand opera, as well as presenting a wide variety of concerts, performances, and events. Also, the Patel Conservatory adds 45,000 square feet to the Straz Center and is the only accredited performing arts school in the region to offer performing arts classes in dance, theater, and music for students of all ages and experience levels. The Patel Conservatory features 20 studios, including three dance studios with sprung floors, a sound/lighting laboratory, technical theater workshop, rehearsal hall, costume shop and a state-of-the-art black box theater.

The Tampa Museum of Art in downtown Tampa features antiquities as well as modern and contemporary art exhibitions. Other museums include the historic H. B. Plant Museum at the University of Tampa, the Contemporary Art Museum at USF, the Scarfone Gallery at the University of Tampa, the Veteran's Memorial Museum and Park, the Ybor City State Museum, the Florida Museum of Photographic Arts, and the Glazer Children's Museum.

The Tampa Bay History Center, located in the Channel District, is one of the largest history museums on the west coast of Florida. The 60,000 square foot museum includes three floors of permanent and temporary exhibition galleries spanning 12,000 years of Florida history, focusing on the Tampa Bay region. The History Center is also home to the Touchton Map Library/Florida Center for Cartographic Education. The only cartographic research center of its kind in the state, it houses one of the most comprehensive collections of Florida cartography in the world, with holdings spanning five centuries. Additionally, the Tampa Bay History Center is affiliated with the Smithsonian Institution, providing the museum access to the Smithsonian's vast collection of artifacts and support for educational programs.

The Downtown Riverwalk is a 2.6-mile continuous walkway stretching from the Channel District to Tampa Heights along the east side of the Hillsborough River. It incorporates pedestrian amenities, art and interpretive elements, retail and restaurants, parks and open space as well as water attractions that are available from water taxis, rentals (boats, paddle boards, kayak, etc.), tours and the cross-bay seasonal ferry service.

The Tampa Bay area is the proud home of several professional sports teams including the Tampa Bay Lightning, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Tampa Bay Rays, and Tampa Bay Rowdies. The City of Tampa also hosts the New York Yankees' spring training each year at the City's George M. Steinbrenner Field baseball stadium and they are celebrating their 28th Anniversary Season in Tampa this spring of 2023.

The Yuengling Center (formerly known as the USF Sun Dome) is located on the campus of USF and is home to the National Collegiate Athletic Association's USF Men's and Women's basketball teams, USF Volleyball team and is host to numerous concerts and events throughout the year.

In January 2020, the new USF Health Morsani College of Medicine and Heart Institute opened at Water Street Tampa, the world's first wellness district, bringing approximately 1,800 students, faculty, researchers, and staff to Tampa's downtown urban core and waterfront. The state-of-the-art training facilities at USF Health's Morsani College of Medicine, Taneja College of Pharmacy, and Heart Institute provide superior medical education, clinical care, and research to improve patient care and health outcomes while transforming health education and pioneering discoveries to end heart disease. The new facility provides immediate access to Tampa General Hospital, USF's primary teaching hospital, as well as proximity to USF's Center for Advanced Medical Learning and Simulation ("CAMLS") and the Tampa Bay Research and Innovation Center at CAMLS.

The University of Tampa ("UT") is a private university located on approximately 110 acres of prime riverfront land in the heart of downtown Tampa. UT provides more than 200 fields of study including various graduate studies programs. UT is regarded as one of the nation's best 384 institutions for undergraduate education by The Princeton Review. Only 15 percent of four-year colleges in the U.S. share this honor. U.S. News & World Report consistently ranks UT in the top tier of the category Regional Universities (South), and it was included as the most innovative college for 2022. Since 2010, UT has been included on Forbes' annual ranking of America's Top Colleges. The list is based on factors such as educational quality, graduation rates, and career prospects.

Hillsborough Community College ("HCC") offers more than 190 academic options which include an array of business, technical, and health sciences. HCC has five primary campus locations, two satellite locations, a very active distance learning program, and a comprehensive corporate training center.

Also, near downtown is the Tampa Law Center of the Stetson University College of Law which is ranked No. 1 by U.S. News in trial advocacy and No. 3 in legal writing, both vital skills for attorneys. Saint Leo University, just north of Tampa, has a center at MacDill Air Force Base and has been recognized as one of the top military-friendly colleges and universities.

The City of Tampa's budget is affected by a variety of economic factors that are significant drivers of demand for City services and major revenues. The following is a brief discussion of historical and current key economic indicators, including employment and population growth, employment industries in Tampa, unemployment rate, and the performance of two major economic engines (Port Tampa Bay and Tampa International Airport). According to the University of Central Florida’s Florida & Metro Forecast 2023-2026, the fastest growing employment sectors are other services (2.9%) and the financial services sector (1.9%).

The metropolitan statistical area (“MSA”) economic indicators for Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater are expected to show slightly below-average levels of growth compared to other areas in Florida. According to the University of Central Florida’s Florida & Metro Forecast 2023-2026 from June 2023, population growth will average 1.3% annually, employment is expected to contract by 0.6% annually, and the unemployment rate is expected to average 4.5% through 2026. The unemployment rate for the MSA as of June 2023 is 2.6% per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Tampa continues to grow and prosper. In Fiscal Year 2021, the City permitted construction projects valued at over $2.7 billion (27,262 building permits) and $2.6 billion in Fiscal Year 2022 (26,764 building permits). The City anticipates $17.9 million in construction permit and enhancement fee revenues to be generated for Fiscal Year 2023. The level of construction permit revenues is the result of increased new multifamily construction activity as well as commercial and home renovations.

The City continues its commitment to economic development. There is focus on the City and region's economic leadership, stability, and most importantly, business opportunity. Today, the City is smarter about how it does business, is more efficient and accessible to citizens, and continues to streamline its permitting process. City employees work hard every day to grow and retain existing business, attract new businesses, develop entrepreneurship, and make Tampa a more competitive city through a variety of initiatives, including enhancing Workforce Development and Housing Affordability programs to ensure the City has the tools necessary to provide for all its residents across all neighborhoods and communities.

The Heights

Tampa-based developer, SoHo Capital, acquired the site immediately north of downtown to create a historic-style, mixed-use neighborhood called The Heights, to develop 39-acres of residential, hotel, office, retail and a market hall. The Heights is anchored by the restored historic Armature Works brick warehouse, now containing The Heights Public Market, an innovative market featuring an open floor plan with communal seating surrounded by restaurants and including event and exclusive coworking spaces. Two new office buildings, known as The Heights Union, provide over 150,000 square feet of office space companies such as Amgen and Pfizer, who recently started moving into these spaces. A large mixed-use garage has been built on the east side of the development and now home the Sprout Farmer Market. Plans are underway for new office spaces, a boutique hotel (Moxy Hotel), and 1,600- plus homes. The total investment is estimated at $980 million.

Gas Worx

Gas Worx is a $750 million, mixed-use development that connects Ybor City, Central Park neighborhood, and downtown Tampa. The project is a partnership between local business owner Darryl Shaw and national developer, Kettler Development. The 50-acre development will include mixed income and market rate residential units, new retail spaces, office space, and restaurants that will connect the historic Ybor to Water Street. Plans for Gas Worx include 5,000 residences in the City’s urban core with 500,000 square feet of office space and 140,000 square feet of retail. The development will bring a more vibrant live, work, play type of atmosphere to Ybor City.

Construction on Gas Worx kicked off in early 2023 with the groundbreaking on two new apartment buildings. Located north of East 5th Avenue between East Scott Street and the Nick Nuccio Parkway, work has commenced on a 4-story, 170-unit apartment building. Just south of East 5th Avenue, between East Scott Street and Nick Nuccio Parkway, work has also started on another apartment building that will be 5 stories and contain 147 units. Completion of both buildings, including affordable housing, is slated for 2024.

Midtown Tampa

Midtown Tampa is a new mixed-use development project aimed at connecting Westshore to downtown. Located at the corner of Dale Mabry Highway and Cypress Street, the $500 million project spans 22 acres, creating residential units, office and retail space, and entertainment and hospitality venues, including Whole Foods, REI Co-op, Joffrey's Coffee, Shake Shack and BellaBrava. Recently completed projects include a 6-story, 142-unit mixed use apartment building with ground level retail space and a 7-story, 226-unit Aloft-Element Hotel. In May of 2023, a building permit was issued to construct the shell of what will eventually be a 17-story, 460,000 square foot high rise office building.

Westshore Marina District

The Westshore Marina District is a $750 million master-planned community situated along 1.5 miles of waterfront, green space, marina, and open bay. The 52-acre destination presents a contemporary environment for water-inspired living, shopping, dining, and recreation. Residential offerings range from luxurious marina-front tower residences with private club amenities to contemporary townhomes and apartments. Designed for walkability, the neighborhood features a comprehensive array of amenities to include urban trails, parks, and a 159-slip marina with transient dockage for visitors that offers boaters unrestricted access to Tampa Bay. The community includes office, retail, and waterfront restaurants.

Currently, under construction and nearing completion along the eastern portion of the property at 5201 Bridge St. is a 16-story, 120-unit residential tower with an attached, 4-level parking garage and 7-unit townhouse building. Additional plans for the site include a similar residential tower and associated parking garage along the western portion of the lot to be completed during the next phases of construction.

The Adderley in Sulphur Springs

Blue Sky Communities, a Tampa-based real estate developer, has broken ground on a 5-story, 128-unit affordable housing development on North Nebraska Avenue. The Adderley will be the first Blue Sky property within City limits and involves several partners including the City of Tampa, Trust Bank, and the Florida Housing Finance Corporation. The project has received funding from the City and its 9% Tax Credit Award, funding which the City views as an important investment in the local community that will provide much needed affordable housing options for residents of the Sulphur Springs area. To qualify to live at the Adderley, applicants must earn less than 80% of the Area Median Income (AMI), which for most families translates to making $20,000 to $50,000 of total household income. The Adderley is expected to open its doors in spring 2024.

Arts and Entertainment Residences (AER in the District)

American Land Ventures and Gazit Tampa, LLC have partnered to bring to downtown Tampa a 31-story mixed-use tower located across from the Straz Center for the Performing Arts. Boasting 334 luxury apartment units, AER will also contain over 13,000 square feet of ground level retail space and 514 parking spaces above the shops. Residents calling AER “home” will have quick and convenient access to some of the best of what Tampa has to offer in terms of arts, culture, and entertainment. The Straz Center, Tampa Museum of Art, Tampa Riverwalk, Curtis Hixon Waterfront Park, and Armature Works are all just a short walk from AER. The luxury mixed-use tower is expected to open in spring of 2024.

Ritz Carlton Residences

Miami based developer Related Group continues to reshape the skyline of Tampa with a new offering for luxury condominium living: The Ritz Carlton Residences located along scenic Bayshore Boulevard. The 30-story tower reaches nearly 350 feet in height and will house 89 residences, along with 12 townhouse villas and a 3-story parking garage on the same site. Related Group is expecting to complete the project in 2024.

Altura Bayshore

Altura Bayshore, one of South Tampa’s newest luxury high-rise condominium buildings, is slated for completion in 2024. A product of Naples-based developer The Ronto Group, Altura Bayshore is 23 stories tall and contains 73 residential units, with a separate 4-story parking garage also being constructed on site. Located at 2910 W. Barcelona St, the site is just a 5-minute drive from both the popular SoHo district and Hyde Park Village. Downtown Tampa and Ballast Point Park off Interbay Boulevard are just 4 and 2.5 miles away, respectively. Residents at Altura Bayshore looking to travel by foot, rollerblade, or bicycle will also be just a block from scenic Bayshore Boulevard.

Moffitt Cancer Center, Moffitt McKinley Hospital Expansion

Moffitt Cancer Center continues its efforts to be a leader in surgical oncology and is currently expanding its operations with a brand new, state-of-the-art surgical facility located at 10901 McKinley Dr. The 20-acre site will be home to an 11-story, nearly 500,000 square foot medical building, 3-story, 85,000 square foot parking garage, and a 3-story, 31,000 square foot Central Utility Plant. The new surgical building will contain 128-inpatient beds and 19 operating rooms. An elevated pedestrian bridge will connect the new surgical hospital with the existing, 6-story medical building located west of McKinley at 10902 McKinley Dr. The new facility will expand Moffitt’s patient capacity by 65% and will allow for 33% more procedures over the next decade. Construction cost for the expansion totals approximately $400 million.

Yuengling Tampa Campus

Visitors to the Greater Tampa Bay area have plenty of choices when it comes to food and local beer, and D.G. Yuengling & Son, Inc. is expanding those options with its new, 38,000 square foot Yuengling Tampa Campus. The facility, located at 11111 N 30th St and less than 2 miles from popular attraction Busch Gardens, will include a restaurant and taproom, a lobby café, beer garden, outdoor yard games area, and event space. Locals and visitors alike will find plenty of food and beverage at the new campus, and an entertainment pavilion is expected to host live music events. Aside from its proximity to one of the premiere amusement parks in the State of Florida, Yuengling Tampa Campus is also within a 30-minute drive from downtown Tampa, Zoo Tampa at Lowry Park, and historic Ybor City. Future expansion plans for the site include a new, 15-story hotel making Yuengling Tampa Campus potentially one of the must-see hot spots in the Bay Area.

In May 2020, Tampa hired its first Sustainability and Resilience Officer whose duties include implementing the City’s Resilience Roadmap, developing a Climate Action and Equity Plan, tackling stormwater management and sea level rise, transitioning the City to 100% renewable energy, and ensuring citywide environmental justice for all residents. The Resilience Roadmap was developed through robust community engagement and with the assistance of international experts from the Resilient Cities Catalyst organization. The official Resilient Tampa Roadmap was released in May 2021 (https://www.tampa.gov/green-tampa/resilience). There are 58 initiatives across Resilience Tampa which are included in the following major categories:

• Opportunity for all Tampanians
• Thriving Neighborhoods
• Climate-Ready Infrastructure
• Growing and Connecting City

In August 2021, the City Council adopted a non-binding Resolution calling for the City’s stationary municipal operations to transition to 100% clean, renewable energy from solar, wind and tidal sources by 2035. Additionally, City Council supports City goals of moving to a fleet of electric vehicles; transitioning to forms of public transportation that do not produce emissions (for example, expanding bicycle and pedestrian rights of way and building infrastructure necessary to support electric vehicles throughout all neighborhoods); and monitoring greenhouse gas emissions.

In June of 2023 the Mayor released the City of Tampa Climate Action and Equity Plan (CAEP) along with a 100% Renewable Energy Roadmap for municipal operations. This Climate Action and Equity Plan has been created to set forth principles, initiatives, and actionable projects. By following its guidance in the years to come, the CAEP will reduce greenhouse gas emissions, adapt infrastructures, and make sure to do this with all Tampanians in mind – listening to their input and responding to their needs.

The City of Tampa partnered with the Resilient Cities Catalyst (RCC) to develop a Resilience Roadmap for Tampa. RCC has worked with cities around the world to help communities identify, assess, and mitigate shocks and stressors. RCC co-designed the Roadmap’s 58 initiatives through an extensive series of workshops, surveys, and direct engagement with key stakeholders across the City, including City officials, nonprofits, businesses, philanthropy, and academia. This tactical roadmap builds upon the City’s vision with concrete actions that address the City’s most pressing challenges at all scales. The City will continue implementing these initiatives and aligning its budget to these goals in order to achieve more resilient city operations and community well-being.

The Sustainability and Resilience Officer relies on three guiding principles:

• Go Green: Ensure decisions consider life cycle environmental impacts
• Be Fair: Ensure decisions are equitable and socially responsible
• Keep Safe: Ensure decisions are redundant, resilient, and adaptable

These principals are applied at every programmatic and project level feasible. For example, the City Center at Hanna Project was recently honored with an award in sustainability from the American Institute of Architects of Tampa Bay in their annual Tampa Bay Design awards. The chapter award is based on the AIA Framework for Design Excellence and the embodiment of AIA Tampa Bay’s position to embrace resilience as a key design feature. Solar panels are expected to produce 55 percent of the annual electricity requirements, including electric car charging stations.

The City will continue its commitment to maintaining a word class tree canopy, setting a goal of planting 30,000 new trees by 2030. The tree initiative will expand the Tree-Mendous Tampa program by allowing residents to receive up to five free trees and launching a new voucher program to encourage and help people buy trees from local nurseries. The Tree-Mendous Tampa Free Tree Program not only plants trees, but also includes an educational component to help residents by providing best management practices for trees. The implementation of the Neighborhood Tree Stewardship program will educate residents on tree care and the urban forest.

The City boasts over four million trees that assist in the removal of air pollutants, provide energy conservation, conserve soil and water, and bring the natural environment into the lives of Tampa residents and visitors. For four decades, the City has received the Tree City USA designation by the Arbor Day Foundation for it its street canopies, planning efforts, planting programs, and proven urban forestry practices, all of which reduce greenhouse gases.

The City's E-Scooter program has been hugely successful and provides a low-cost method of transportation. Using E-Scooters for short-distance travel instead of cars helps to reduce unnecessary congestion and traffic, improve downtown mobility, and reduce carbon emissions. The Sustainability & Resilience office helped fund the city’s newly launched e-bike voucher program.

The City is continuing its partnerships with Learning Gate Community School, the USF Patel College of Global Sustainability, and others in the Tampa Bay area environmental community celebrating EcoFest. Ecofest 2023 was the 13th annual community event to celebrate the many businesses, organizations, and individuals in the Tampa Bay Area dedicated to the principles of sustainability, ecology, equity, and economy.

The City of Tampa launched its first City-sponsored environmental stewardship program, funded by AmeriCorps, in the State of Florida. The Green Team is a program developed in partnership with Volunteer Florida and AmeriCorps to provide members the opportunity to work alongside City of Tampa staff and associated non-profits to make the community and Earth a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable place. The AmeriCorps Members of Tampa's Green Team will plant and maintain Tampa’s tree canopy, reduce marine litter, enhance community gardens, and provide climate change education.

During 2023, the City will launch the most extensive vulnerability assessment ever completed for Tampa, thanks to funding from the state’s Resilient Florida program. The City is also working with individual neighborhoods on vulnerabilities and will launch a comprehensive planning effort in Palmetto Beach funded by a $3 million earmark through FEMA’s Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program.

The City has multiple offices and organizations ensuring equitable treatment for all. The significant involvement of the City of Tampa in human rights, socio-cultural diversity, social justice, and inclusionary issues demonstrates that the City supports social equity principles and embraces its diversity, viewing it as a positive and powerful attribute. Consequently, the City of Tampa scored a 100% on the Human Rights Campaign Foundation's 2019 Municipal Equality Index Scorecard. The Municipal Equality Index displays the ways that many cities can, and do, support the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) people who live and work there, even where states and the federal government have failed to do so.

The City’s partnership with Catholic Charities reflects the City’s commitment to address homelessness in a holistic way. Tampa Hope is enhancing its sheltering services for people experiencing homelessness with the addition of 100 new, freestanding structures known as Hope Cottages. The 64 square foot cottages will provide a bed, air conditioning and heating system, smoke detector, fire extinguisher, power outlets, shelving, windows, and storage space. Additionally, the cottages can resist up to category 5 hurricane force winds. Adding the Hope Cottages will be vital in further uplifting this vulnerable population. Since the launch of this program, Tampa Hope has provided shelter to more than 640 individuals from which 30% have been discharged to permanent housing and 11% have gained employment during their stay.

The City has implemented a new pilot project focused on improving accessibility for people that are blind or low vision. The City has worked alongside an assistive technology company Lazarillo to create accessible indoor and outdoor maps of Old City Hall, the Tampa Municipal Office Building and Julian B. Lane Park that can be navigated with audio guidance using a smartphone. In addition to providing accessible navigation for people that are blind, it also allows people with mobility disabilities to navigate more easily, providing them with wheelchair-accessible routes and information about the location of accessible bathrooms.

The City opened another fully inclusive and sensory-friendly playground. The New Tampa All Abilities Playground is a state-of-the-art playground that is designed for children with a wide range of physical, cognitive, sensory, and neuro-diverse abilities. It also features multiple play pieces that are wheelchair accessible. The City strives to add accessible play equipment and improve disability access during renovation of parks facilities. Also, the Mobility team has ensured ADA access improvements of sidewalks, curb ramps and cross walks during the City’s critical roadway projects.